WIMAX Network Components

The main three components of the WIMAX system.

1. WIMAX base station / transmitter.
2. WIMAX receiver
3. Backhaul

1. WIMAX base station / transmitter

• The WIMAX base consists of a WIMAX tower and indoor electronics. The base station offen WIMAX base station / transmitter coverage to a very large area Le. up to 6 miles radius. It uses MAC layer defined in the standard IEEE 802.16.
• Any wireless device within the coverage area can access the Internet.
• An interface in the network architecture will make the networks interoperable. It assigns the up link (UL) and down link (DL) bandwidth to users based on their requirements or on the real-time basis.
• Each WiMAX base station offers a wireless coverage over an area known as a cell Practically the maximum radius of a cell is about 6 miles or 10 km, but theoretically, it is 30 miles or 50 km.
• A cell is formed with a base station and one or more subscriber stations (555) with poly multipoint (PMP) topology.
• Base station controls the activities such as access to the medium by SS admission to the network Womens to achieve quality of service etc within the cell.

2. WIMAX Receiver 

• A WIMAX receiver can be a standalone box or an it can an interface card placed on a computer.
• laptop or any other device. It can have its own separate antenna.
• WIMAX receiver is also known as customer premise equipment (CPE).
• In 802.16 based system, the SS site uses a fixed antenna mounted on the roof. the base stations uses  either directional or omnidirectional antennas. A mobile or portable S uses an omnidirectional In 802.16-based system, the SS site uses a fixed antenna mounted on the roof. The base station uses antenna whereas a fixed SS uses directional antennas.

3. Backhaul 

• A WIMAX tower station and the Internet are directly connected by using high bandwidth wired connection. One WIMAX tower station can connect to other tower by using a line of sight microwave link.
• Backhaul is defined as the connection or a link from the access point to the base station and from base station to the core network.
• Several base stations can be connected with each other by using high-speed backhaul links
• Similar to the roaming allowed for the cell phones the WiMAX system also allows a WiMAX subscribe to roam from one base station coverage area to another
• each WIMAX service provider will use licensed operating frequencies between the 2 to 11 GHz.
• the  data transfer rate of the WiMAX link can be up to 70 Mbps. The commercial WiMAX service can provides slightly slower speeds as compared to residential WiMAX link.
• When many users share a single WiMAX tower and base station, there is deterioration in the quality of received signal.

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