Important wireless telecommunication systems.
1. Base station :
It is defined as a fixed station in a mobile radio system, which communicates with the mobile stations.
Base stations are located at the middle or on the edges of a region being covered. The base station consists of a transmitter antenna, receiver antenna, and radio channels mounted on a tower.
2. Control channel :
It is defined as the radio channel used for transmitting the control signals such as call set up, call request, call initiation as well as the control information.
3. Forward channel:
It is defined as the radio channel used for transmitting the information from the base station to the mobile/device location in the forward direction.
4. Reverse channel:
It is defined as the radio channel used for transmitting the information from a mobile to base station i.e. in the reverse direction.
5. Mobile station :
It is defined as a station in the mobile radio service which is used when in motion at an unspecified location.
Mobile stations can be portable, hand held and personal units or they can be the ones installed in vehicles.
6. Hand-off:
It is the process of transferring the connection with a mobile station from one base station to the other when the mobile station moves from the service area of one base station into that of the other.
7. Mobile switching center (MSC or MTSO):
It is defined as the center which is set up for coordinating the routing of calls. An MSC is also called an MTSO i.e. mobile telephone switching office.
8. Transceiver:
It is a unit containing a transmitter and receiver. It can simultaneously transmit as well as receive.
9. Half-duplex system:
These systems are bidirectional, i.e. they can transmit as well as receive but not simultaneously.
At a time these systems can either transmit or receive, for example, a walky-talky set.
The direction of communication will keep changing itself. The radio communications such as those used in military, fire fighting, are half-duplex system.
10. Full duplex systems:
These are bidirectional systems as they allow the communication to take place in both the receiving end as well as transmitting end simultaneously.
These systems can transmit as well as receive signals simultaneously, for example, the telephone systems.
The majority of electronic communication systems are duplex in nature.
The best example of full-duplex communication system is the telephone system.
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